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BOINC and Idle Users

The BOINC distributed computing client in Debian (Bookworm and previous releases) can check the idle time via the X11 protocol and run GPU jobs when the interactive user is idle, so the user gets GPU power for graphics when they need it and when it’s idle BOINC uses it. This doesn’t work for Wayland and unfortunately no-one has written a Wayland equivalent of xprintidle (which shows the number of milliseconds that the X11 session has been idle in milliseconds.

In the Debian bug system there is bug #813728 about a message every second due to failed attempts to find X11 idle time [1]. On my main workstation with Wayland it logs “Authorization required, but no authorization protocol specified“.

There is also bug #775125 about BOINC not detecting mouse movements [2], I added to it about the issues with Wayland. There’s the package swayidle in Debian that is designed to manage the screen-save process on Wayland, below is an example of how to use it to display output on 5 seconds and 10 seconds of idle.

swayidle -w timeout 5 'echo 5' timeout 10 'echo 10' resume 'echo resume' before-sleep 'echo before-sleep'

The code for swayidle has only 7 comments and isn’t easy to read. I looked in to writing a Wayland equivalent of xprintidle but it would take more work than I’m prepared to invest in it. So it seems to me that the best option might be to have BOINC receive SIGUSR1 and SIGUSR2 for the start and stop of idle time and then have scripts call xprintidle, swayidle, a wrapper for “w” (for systems without graphics) or other methods. To run swayidle as root you can set WAYLAND_DISPLAY=../$USER_ID/wayland-0.

Do Not Use …

When I connect my Desklab USB-C monitor [1] (which has been vastly underused for the last 3 years) into a Linux system the display type is listed as “DO NOT USE – RTK“.

One of the more informative discussions of this was on Linux Mint forums [2] which revealed that it’s a mapping for an code that shouldn’t be used. So it’s not saying “don’t use this monitor” it’s saying “don’t use this code”. So the Desklab people when they implemented a display with an RTK chipset should have changed the ID field from “RTK” to something representing their use. On Debian the file /usr/share/hwdata/pnp.ids has the IDs and you can grep for RTK in that.

Also for programmers, please use more descriptive strings than “do not use”, when I was trying to find this on Debian code search [3] it turned up hundreds of pages of results which was more than a human can read through. If the text had been something that would make sense to a user such as “OEM please replace with company name” it would have made it very clear to me (and all the other people searching for this) what it meant and the fact that Desklab had stuffed up. So instead of wondering about this for years before eventually finding the right Google search to find the answer I could have worked it out immediately if the text had been clearer.

PinePhonePro First Impression

Hardware

I received my PinePhone Pro [1] on Thursday, it seems in many ways better than the Purism Librem 5 [2] that I have previously written about. The PinePhone is thinner, lighter, and yet has a much longer battery life. A friend described the Librem5 as “the CyberTruck phone” and not in a good way.

In a test I had my PinePhone and my Librem5 fully charged, left them for 4.5 hours without doing anything much with them, and then the PinePhone was at 85% and the Librem5 was at 57%. So the Librem5 will run out of battery after about 10 hours of not being used while a PinePhonePro can be expected to last about 30 hours. The PinePhonePro isn’t as good as some of the recent Android phones in this regard but it shows the potential to be quite usable. For this test both phones were connected to a 2.4GHz Wifi network (which uses less power than 5GHz) and doing nothing much with an out of the box configuration. A phone that is checking email, social networking, and a couple of IM services will use the battery faster. But even if the PinePhone has it’s battery used twice as fast in a more realistic test that will still be usable.

Here are the passmark results from the PinePhone Pro [3] which got a CPU score of 888 compared to 507 for the Librem 5 and 678 for one of the slower laptops I’ve used. The results are excluded from the Passmark averages because they identified the CPU as only having 4 cores (expecting just 4*A72) while the PinePhonePro has 6 cores (2*A72+4*A53). This phone definitely has the CPU power for convergence [4]!

Default OS

By default the PinePhone has a KDE based GUI and the Librem5 has a GNOME based GUI. I don’t like any iteration of GNOME (I have tried them all and disliked them all) and I like KDE so I will tend to like anything that is KDE based more than anything GNOME based. But in addition to that the PinePhone has an interface that looks a lot like Android with the three on-screen buttons at the bottom of the display and the way it has the slide up tray for installed apps. Android is the most popular phone OS and looking like the most common option is often a good idea for a new and different product, this seems like an objective criteria to determine that the default GUI on the PinePhone is a better choice (at least for the default).

When I first booted it and connected it to Wifi the updates app said that there were 633 updates to apply, but never applied them (I tried clicking on the update button but to no avail) and didn’t give any error message. For me not being Debian is enough reason to dislike Manjaro, but if that wasn’t enough then the failure to update would be a good start. When I ran pacman in a terminal window it said that each package was corrupt and asked if I wanted to delete it. According to “tar tvJf” the packages weren’t corrupt. After downloading them again it said that they were corrupt again so it seemed that pacman wasn’t working correctly.

When the screen is locked and a call comes in it gives a window with Accept and Reject buttons but neither of them works. The default country code for “Spacebar” (the SMS app) is +1 (US) even though I specified Australia on the initial login. It also doesn’t get the APN unlike Android phones which seem to have some sort of list of APNs.

Upgrading to Debian

The Debian Wiki page about Installing on the PinePhone Pro has the basic information [5]. The first thing it covers is installing the TOW boot loader – which is already installed by default in recent PinePhones (such as mine). You can recognise that TOW is installed by pressing the volume-up button in the early stages of boot up (described as “before and during the second vibration”), then the LED will turn blue and the phone will act as a USB mass storage device which makes it easy to do other install/recovery tasks. The other TOW option is to press volume-down to boot from a MicroSD card (the default is to boot the OS on the eMMC).

The images linked from the Debian wiki page are designed to be installed with bmaptool from the bmap-tools Debian package. After installing that package and downloading the pre-built Mobian image I installed it with the command “bmaptool copy mobian-pinephonepro-phosh-bookworm-12.0-rc3.img.gz /dev/sdb” where /dev/sdb is the device that the USB mapped PinePhone storage was located. That took 6 minutes and then I rebooted my PinePhone into Mobian!

Unfortunately the default GUI for Mobian is GNOME/Phosh. Changing it to KDE is my next task.

Dell 32″ 4K Monitor and DisplayPort Switch

After determining that the Philips 43″ monitor was too large for my taste as well as not having a clear enough display [1] I bought a Dell 32″ 4K monitor for $499 on the 1st of July 2022. That monitor has been working nicely for almost a year now, for DisplayPort it’s operation is perfect and 32″ seems like an ideal size for my use. There is one problem that both HDMI ports will sometimes turn off for about half a second, I’ve tested on both ports and on multiple computers as well as a dock and it gives the same result so it’s definitely the monitor. The problem for me is that the most casual inspection won’t reveal the problem and the monitor is large and difficult to transport as I’ve thrown out the box. If I had this sort of problem with a monitor at work I’d add it to the list of things for Dell to fix next time they visit the office or use one of the many monitor boxes available to ship it back to them. But for home use it’s more of a problem for me. The easiest solution is to avoid HDMI.

A year ago I blogged about using DDC to switch monitor inputs [2], I had that running with a cheap USB switch since then to allow a workstation and a laptop to share the same monitor, keyboard, and mouse. Recently I got a USB-C dock that allows a USB-C laptop to talk to a display via DisplayPort as opposed to the HDMI connector that’s built in. But my Dell monitor only has one DisplayPort input.

So I have just bought a DisplayPort and USB KVM switch via eBay for $52, a reasonable price given that last year such things were well over $100. It has ports for 3 USB devices which is better than my previous setup of a USB switch with only a single port that I used with a 3 port hub for my keyboard and mouse.

the DisplayPort switch is described as doing 4K at 60Hz, I don’t know how it will perform with a 5K monitor, maybe it will work at 30Hz or 40Hz. But currently Dell 5K monitors are at $2,500 and 6K monitors are about $3,800 so I don’t plan to get one of them any time soon.

Do Desktop Computers Make Sense?

Laptop vs Desktop Price

Currently the smaller and cheaper USB-C docks start at about $25 and Dell has a new Vostro with 8G of RAM and 2*USB-C ports for $788. That gives a bit over $800 for a laptop and dock vs $795 for the cheapest Dell desktop which also has 8G of RAM. For every way of buying laptops and desktops (EG buying from Officeworks, buying on ebay, etc) the prices for laptops and desktops seem very similar. For all those comparisons the desktop will typically have a faster CPU and more options for PCIe cards, larger storage, etc. But if you don’t want to expand storage beyond the affordable 4TB NVMe/SSD devices, don’t need to add PCIe cards, and don’t need much CPU power then a laptop will do well. For the vast majority of the computer work I do my Thinkpad Carbon X1 Gen1 (from 2012) had plenty of CPU power.

If someone who’s not an expert in PC hardware was to buy a computer of a given age then laptops probably aren’t more expensive than desktops even disregarding the fact that a laptop works without the need to purchase a monitor, a keyboard, or a mouse. I can get regular desktop PCs for almost nothing and get parts to upgrade them very cheaply but most people can’t do that. I can also get a decent second-hand laptop and USB-C dock for well under $400.

Servers and Gaming Systems

For people doing serious programming or other compute or IO intensive tasks some variation on the server theme is the best option. That may be something more like the servers used by the r/homelab people than the corporate servers, or it might be something in the cloud, but a server is a server. If you are going to have a home server that’s a tower PC then it makes sense to put a monitor on it and use it as a workstation. If your server makes so much noise that you can’t spend much time in the same room or if it’s hosted elsewhere then using a laptop to access it makes sense.

Desktop computers for PC gaming makes sense as no-one seems to be making laptops with moderately powerful GPUs. The most powerful GPUs draw 150W which is more than most laptop PSUs can supply and even if a laptop PSU could supply that much there would be the issue of cooling. The Steam Deck [1] and the Nintendo Switch [2] can both work with USB-C docks. The PlayStation 5 [3] has a 350W PSU and doesn’t support video over USB-C. The Steam Deck can do 8K resolution at 60Hz or 4K at 120Hz but presumably the newer Steam games will need a desktop PC with a more powerful GPU to properly use such resolutions.

For people who want the best FPS rates on graphics intensive games it could make sense to have a tower PC. Also a laptop that’s run at high CPU/GPU use for a long time will tend to have it’s vents clogged by dust and possibly have the cooling fan wear out.

Monitor Resolution

Laptop support for a single 4K monitor became common in 2012 with the release of the Ivy Bridge mobile CPUs from Intel in 2012. My own experience of setting up 4K monitors for a Linux desktop in 2019 was that it was unreasonably painful and that the soon to be released Debian/Bookworm will make things work nicely for 4K monitors with KDE on X11. So laptop hardware has handled the case of a single high resolution monitor since before such monitors were cheap or common and before software supported it well. Of course at that time you had to use either a proprietary dock or a mini-DisplayPort to HDMI adaptor to get 4K working. But that was still easier than getting PCIe video cards supporting 4K resolution which is something that according to spec sheets wasn’t well supported by affordable cards in 2017.

Since USB-C became a standard feature in laptops in about 2017 support of more monitors than most people would want through a USB-C dock became standard. My Thinkpad X1 Carbon Gen5 which was released in 2017 will support 2*FullHD monitors plus a 4K monitor via a USB-C dock, I suspect it would do at least 2*4K monitors but haven’t had a chance to test. Cheap USB-C docks supporting this sort of thing have only become common in the last year or so.

How Many Computers per Home

Among middle class Australians it’s common to have multiple desktop PCs per household. One for each child who’s over the age of about 13 and one for the parents seems to be reasonably common. Students in the later years of high-school and university students are often compelled to have laptops so having the number of laptops plus the number of desktops be larger than the population of the house probably isn’t uncommon even among people who aren’t really into computers. As an aside it’s probably common among people who read my blog to have 2 desktops, a laptop, and a cloud server for their own personal use. But even among people who don’t do that sort of thing having computers outnumber people in a home is probably common.

A large portion of the computer users can do everything they need on a laptop. For gamers the graphics intensive games often run well on a console and that’s probably the most effective way of getting to playing the games. Of course the fact that there is “RGB RAM” (RAM with Red, Green, and Blue LEDs to light up) along with a lot of other wild products sold to gamers suggests that gaming PCs are not about what runs the game most effectively and that an art/craft project with the PC is more important than actually playing games.

Instead of having one desktop PC per bedroom and laptops for school/university as well it would make more sense to have a laptop per person and have a USB-C dock and monitor in each bedroom and a USB-C dock connected to a large screen TV in the lounge. This gives plenty of flexibility for moving around to do work and sharing what’s on your computer with other people. It also allows taking a work computer home and having work with your monitor, having a friend bring their laptop to your home to work on something together, etc.

For most people desktop computers don’t make sense. While I think that convergence of phones with laptops and desktops is the way of the future [4] for most people having laptops take over all functions of desktops is the best option today.

Links May 2023

Petter Reinholdtsen wrote an interesting blog post about their work on packaging speech to text for Debian [1]. The work of the Debian Deep Learning Team seems really interesting and I look forward to playing with this sort of thing after the release of Bookworm (the packages in question will NOT go in Bookworm but I’ll run at least one system on Testing after Bookworm). It would be nice to get more information on the hardware used for running such programs, the minimum hardware needed for real-time speech to text would be interesting to know.

Brian Krebs wrote an informative article about attacks involving supply chain compromise and fake LinkedIn profiles [2]. The attacks targetted Linux as well as Windows.

Interesting video about the Illium cameras, a bit harsh though, they criticise Illium devices for being too low resolution, too expensive, and taking too much CPU time to process [3]. The Illium cameras still sell for decent prices on eBay, I wonder if it’s because of curious people like me who would like to play with them and have money to spare or whether some other interesting things are being done. I wonder how a 4*4 array of the rectangular cameras secured together with duct tape would go. The ideas of Illium should work better if implemented for multi-core CPUs or GPUs.

Bruce Schneier with Henry Farrell and Nathan Sanders wrote an insightful blog post about how AT Chatbots could improve democracy [4].

Wired has an interesting article about the way DJI drones transmit the location of the drone operator without encryption – by design [5]. Apparently this has been used for targetting attacks on drone operators in Ukraine.

This video about robot “mice” navigating mazes is interesting [6]. But I think it became less interesting when they got to the stage of milliseconds counting for the win, it’s very optimised for one case just like F1. I think it would be interesting if they had a rally contest where they go across grass or sand, 3D mazes both in air and water, and contests where Tungsten weights have to be transported. They should push some of the other limits of engineering as completing a maze quickly has been solved.

The Guardian has an interesting article about a blood test for sleepy driving [7]. Once they have an objective test they can punish people for it.

This github repository listing public APIs is interesting [8]. Lots of fun ideas for phone apps there.

Simon Josefsson wrote an insightful blog post about the threat model of security devices [9]. Unfortunately the security of most people is way below the level where this is an issue. But it’s good to think about future steps needed for good security.

Cory Doctorow wrote an interesting article “The Swivel Eyed Loons have a Point” [10] about the fact that some of the nuttiest people are protesting about real issues, just in the wrong way.

Genesis GV60

I recently test drove a Genesis GV70, but the GV60 [1] which I didn’t test drive is a nicer car.

The GV70 and GV60 are all electric so they are quiet and perform well. The GV70 has a sun-roof that opens, it was the first car I’ve driven like that and I decided I don’t like it. Having the shade open so I can see the sky while stuck in a traffic jam is nice though. The GV60 has a non-opening sun-roof with a shade that can be retracted, this is a feature I’d really like to have in my next car.

Electric cars as a general rule have good acceleration and are quiet, the GV70 performed as expected in that regard. It has a head-up display projected on the windscreen for the speed and the speed limit on the road in question which is handy. When driving in a car park it showed images from all sides which is really handy, I wish I had explored that feature more.

The console is all electronic with a TFT display instead of mechanical instruments but the only significant difference this makes in driving is that when a turn indicator is used the console display shows a video feed for the blind-spot that matches the lane change direction. This is a significant safety feature and will reduce the incidence of collisions. But the capabilities of the hardware seem under utilised, hopefully they will release a software update at some future time to do more with it.

The most significant benefit of the GV60 over the GV70 is that it has cameras instead of mirrors at the sides of the car. This reduces drag and also removes the need to adjust mirrors to match the height of the driver. Also for driver instruction the instructor and learner get to see the same view. A logical development of such cars is an expansion pack for instruction that has displays in the passenger seat to show the instructor the same instrument view as the driver sees.

The minimum list driveaway price for the GV60 is $117,171.50 and for the GV70 it is $138,119.89 – both of which are more than I’m prepared to pay for a car. The GV60 apparently can be started by fingerprint which seems like a bad idea given the poor security of fingerprint sensors, but as regular car keys tend not to be too difficult to work around it probably doesn’t matter. The Genesis web site makes it difficult to find the ranges of electric cars which is surprising. A Google search suggests that the GV60 can do 466Km and the GV70 can do 410Km which are both reasonable numbers and nothing to be ashamed of.

The GV70 was a fun car to drive and the GV60 looks like it would be even better. I recommend that everyone who likes technology take one for a test drive, but for my own use I’m looking for something that costs less than half as much.

Considering Convergence

What is Convergence

In 2013 Kyle Rankin (at the time Linux Journal columnist and CSO of Purism) wrote a Linux Journal article about Linux convergence [1] (which means using a phone and a dock to replace a desktop) featuring the Nokia N900 smart phone and a chroot environment on the Motorola Droid 4 Android phone. Both of them have very limited hardware even by the standards of the day and neither of which were systems I’d consider using all the time. None of the Android phones I used at that time were at all comparable to any sort of desktop system I’d want to use.

Hardware for Convergence – Comparing a Phone to a Laptop

The first hardware issue for convergence is docks and other accessories to attach a small computer to hardware designed for larger computers. Laptop docks have been around for decades and for decades I haven’t been using them because they have all been expensive and specific to a particular model of laptop. Having an expensive dock at home and an expensive dock at the office and then replacing them both when the laptop is replaced may work well for some people but wasn’t something I wanted to do. The USB-C interface supports data, power, and DisplayPort video over the same cable and now USB-C docks start at about $20 on eBay and dock functionality is built in to many new monitors. I can take a USB-C device to the office of any large company and know there’s a good chance that there will be a USB-C dock ready for me to use. The fact that USB-C is a standard feature for phones gives obvious potential for convergence.

The next issue is performance. The Passmark benchmark seems like a reasonable way to compare CPUs [2]. It may not be the best benchmark but it has an excellent set of published results for Intel and AMD CPUs. I ran that benchmark on my Librem5 [3] and got a result of 507 for the CPU score. At the end of 2017 I got a Thinkpad X301 [4] which rates 678 on Passmark. So the Librem5 has 3/4 the CPU power of a laptop that was OK for my use in 2018. Given that the X301 was about the minimum specs for a PC that I can use (for things other than serious compiles, running VMs, etc) the Librem 5 has 3/4 the CPU power, only 3G of RAM compared to 6G, and 32G of storage compared to 64G. Here is the Passmark page for my Librem5 [5]. As an aside my Libnrem5 is apparently 25% faster than the other results for the same CPU – did the Purism people do something to make their device faster than most?

For me the Librem5 would be at the very low end of what I would consider a usable desktop system. A friend’s N900 (like the one Kyle used) won’t complete the Passmark test apparently due to the “Extended Instructions (NEON)” test failing. But of the rest of the tests most of them gave a result that was well below 10% of the result from the Librem5 and only the “Compression” and “CPU Single Threaded” tests managed to exceed 1/4 the speed of the Librem5. One thing to note when considering the specs of phones vs desktop systems is that the MicroSD cards designed for use in dashcams and other continuous recording devices have TBW ratings that compare well to SSDs designed for use in PCs, so swap to a MicroSD card should work reasonably well and be significantly faster than the hard disks I was using for swap in 2013!

In 2013 I was using a Thinkpad T420 as my main system [6], it had 8G of RAM (the same as my current laptop) although I noted that 4G was slow but usable at the time. Basically it seems that the Librem5 was about the sort of hardware I could have used for convergence in 2013. But by today’s standards and with the need to drive 4K monitors etc it’s not that great.

The N900 hardware specs seem very similar to the Thinkpads I was using from 1998 to about 2003. However a device for convergence will usually do more things than a laptop (IE phone and camera functionality) and software had become significantly more bloated in 1998 to 2013 time period. A Linux desktop system performed reasonably with 32MB of RAM in 1998 but by 2013 even 2G was limiting.

Software Issues for Convergence

Jeremiah Foster (Director PureOS at Purism) wrote an interesting overview of some of the software issues of convergence [7]. One of the most obvious is that the best app design for a small screen is often very different from that for a large screen. Phone apps usually have a single window that shows a view of only one part of the data that is being worked on (EG an email program that shows a list of messages or the contents of a single message but not both). Desktop apps of any complexity will either have support for multiple windows for different data (EG two messages displayed in different windows) or a single window with multiple different types of data (EG message list and a single message). What we ideally want is all the important apps to support changing modes when the active display is changed to one of a different size/resolution. The Purism people are doing some really good work in this regard. But it is a large project that needs to involve a huge range of apps.

The next thing that needs to be addressed is the OS interface for managing apps and metadata. On a phone you swipe from one part of the screen to get a list of apps while on a desktop you will probably have a small section of a large monitor reserved for showing a window list. On a desktop you will typically have an app to manage a list of items copied to the clipboard while on Android and iOS there is AFAIK no standard way to do that (there is a selection of apps in the Google Play Store to do this sort of thing).

Purism has a blog post by Sebastian Krzyszkowiak about some of the development of the OS to make it work better for convergence and the status of getting it in Debian [8].

The limitations in phone hardware force changes to the software. Software needs to use less memory because phone RAM can’t be upgraded. The OS needs to be configured for low RAM use which includes technologies like the zram kernel memory compression feature.

Security

When mobile phones first came out they were used for less secret data. Loss of a phone was annoying and expensive but not a security problem. Now phone theft for the purpose of gaining access to resources stored on the phone is becoming a known crime, here is a news report about a thief stealing credit cards and phones to receive the SMS notifications from banks [9]. We should expect that trend to continue, stealing mobile devices for ssh keys, management tools for cloud services, etc is something we should expect to happen.

A problem with mobile phones in current use is that they have one login used for all access from trivial things done in low security environments (EG paying for public transport) to sensitive things done in more secure environments (EG online banking and healthcare). Some applications take extra precautions for this EG the Android app I use for online banking requires authentication before performing any operations. The Samsung version of Android has a system called Knox for running a separate secured workspace [10]. I don’t think that the Knox approach would work well for a full Linux desktop environment, but something that provides some similar features would be a really good idea. Also running apps in containers as much as possible would be a good security feature, this is done by default in Android and desktop OSs could benefit from it.

The Linux desktop security model of logging in to a single account and getting access to everything has been outdated for a long time, probably ever since single-user Linux systems became popular. We need to change this for many reasons and convergence just makes it more urgent.

Conclusion

I have become convinced that convergence is the way of the future. It has the potential to make transporting computers easier, purchasing cheaper (buy just a phone and not buy desktop and laptop systems), and access to data more convenient. The Librem5 doesn’t seem up to the task for my use due to being slow and having short battery life, the PinePhone Pro has more powerful hardware and allegedly has better battery life [11] so it might work for my needs. The PinePhone Pro probably won’t meet the desktop computing needs of most people, but hardware keeps getting faster and cheaper so eventually most people could have their computing needs satisfied with a phone.

The current state of software for convergence and for Linux desktop security needs some improvement. I have some experience with Linux security so this is something I can help work on.

To work on improving this I asked Linux Australia for a grant for me and a friend to get PinePhone Pro devices and a selection of accessories to go with them. Having both a Librem5 and a PinePhone Pro means that I can test software in different configurations which will make developing software easier. Also having a friend who’s working on similar things will help a lot, especially as he has some low level hardware skills that I lack.

Linux Australia awarded the grant and now the PinePhones are in transit. Hopefully I will have a PinePhone in a couple of weeks to start work on this.

Links April 2023

Cory Doctorow has an insightful article Gig Work is the Opposite of Steampunk [1] about the horrors that companies like Amazon are forcing on their employees.

Valerie Aurora and Leigh Honeywell wrote an insightful article about the al Capone theory of sexual harassment [2]. Why people who sexually harass others usually perform other anti-social activity that is also easier to prosecute.

The IEEE has an interesting article about using ML for parts of the CPU design process, both the technical issues and the controversy about competing ideas which is probably caused by sexism [3].

“Love and taxes are forever my heart” is a line from an anime dating sim game that prepares US taxes [4]. Unfortunately it was removed from Steam. The existence of the game is a weird social commentary and removing the game because you can’t have an anime hottie do taxes is bizarre but also understandable given liability issues. There’s no mention in the review of whether male hotties are available for people who prefer dating guys. As an aside my accountant looks like he is allergic to exercise…

The Killdozer Book web site (which has an invalid SSL certificate so you have to click on “advanced” in Chrome to get to the content) has an insightful article debunking some of the stories about the Killdozer [5]. He wasn’t some sort of hero of freedom, he was just a jerk who reneged on a deal hoping to get more money, thought that laws shouldn’t apply to him, and killed himself because of it.

Apparently some big tech companies are knowingly hiring people to not work unlike the usual large corporate case of unknowingly hiring people to not work [6]. Silicon Valley is a good TV show, and it’s apparently realistic.

Ron Garrett wrote in insightful blog post about theoretical attacks on Bitcoin and how Bitcoin could be used [7]. The conclusion is not good for Bitcoin.

Compiler Explorer is a program that shows how various C++ compilers produce assembly code for various architectures, this site hosts the main active instance [8]. There are other instances, here is an instance that produces code for the Ruzzian Elbrus architecture [9]. The Elbrus Wikipedia page is interesting [10]. Apparently the Ruzzians don’t want this information to be spread, LOL.

The Smithsonian Magazine has an interesting article about pet parrots being taught to video call each other [11]. Apparently parrots are social animals and can develop psychological problems if kept alone, so the video calls can be good for them. Also the owners had to monitor the chats to ensure that they played nicely together, just like play-dates for kids!

Phoronix has an amusing article about the drama regarding the AMD Spectral Chicken bit in the Linux kernel source [12].

This page listing bad free software licenses is amusing [13].

The ACS has an interesting article about how Samsung fakes photos of the moon and presumably could fake other photos of notable objects that don’t change [14]. The way that they proved the forgery was interesting.

Write a blog post in the style of Russell Coker

Feeling a bit bored I asked ChatGPT “Write a blog post in the style of Russell Coker” and the result is in the section below. I don’t know if ChatGPT knows that the person asking the question is the same as the person being asked about. If a human had created that I’d be certain that “great computer scientist and writer” was an attempt at flattery, for a machine I’m not sure.

I have not written a single book, but I expect that in some alternate universe some version of me has written several. I don’t know if humans would describe my writing as being known for “clarity, precision, and depth”. I would not be surprised if “no-one else wrote about it so I guess I’m forced to read what he wrote” would be a more common response.

The actual “article” part doesn’t seem to be in my style at all. Firstly it’s very short at only 312 words, while I have written some short posts most of them are much longer. To find this out I did some MySQL queries to get the lengths of posts (I used this blog post as inspiration [1]). Note that multiple sequential spaces counts as multiple words.

# get post ID and word count
SELECT id, LENGTH(post_content) - LENGTH(REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(post_content, "\r", ""), "\n", ""), "\t", ""), " ", "")) + 1 AS wordcount FROM wp_posts where post_status = 'publish' and post_type='post';
# get average word count
SELECT avg(LENGTH(post_content) - LENGTH(REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(post_content, "\r", ""), "\n", ""), "\t", ""), " ", "")) + 1) FROM wp_posts where post_status = 'publish' and post_type='post';
# get the first posts by length
SELECT id, LENGTH(post_content) - LENGTH(REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(post_content, "\r", ""), "\n", ""), "\t", ""), " ", "")) + 1 AS wordcount, post_content FROM wp_posts where post_status = 'publish' and post_type='post' ORDER BY wordcount limit 10;
# get a count of the posts less than 312 words
SELECT count(*) from wp_posts where (LENGTH(post_content) - LENGTH(REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(post_content, "\r", ""), "\n", ""), "\t", ""), " ", "")) + 1) < 312 and post_status = 'publish' and post_type='post';
# get a count of all posts
select count(*) from wp_posts where post_status = 'publish' and post_type='post';

It turns out that there are 333/1521 posts that are less than 312 words and the average length is 665 words. Of the shortest posts a large portion were written before Twitter became popular and had the sort of unimportant content that Twitter is good for.

It seems ironic that ChatGPT says that I'm known for "depth" and then writes a short post allegedly in my style.

As for the actual content of the "post", it's not something that I greatly disagree with but it's definitely not something I'd write. If some manager or marketing person wrote something like this and asked my opinion I'd probably suppress a sigh and say it's OK for it's target market.

I think that free software is better in many ways and for many reasons and that separately from the issue of merit free software is important because of the ways that it is used. We could debate various issues related to the quality of free software vs proprietary software but even people who don't believe that free software is of high quality have to admit that software that runs most mobile phones and most web servers is important. As much as I dislike Windows most desktop PCs and laptops run it so I can't claim it to be unimportant. So my first disagreement with the content is the issue of importance vs quality.

One thing that ChatGPT is known for is weak arguments that appear convincing. "This diversity often leads to better software, as bugs are found and fixed faster, and new features are added more quickly" could be opposed by "the payment for proprietary software often leads to better software, as bugs are found and fixed faster, and new features are added more quickly". I think that any case where "feature of option A gives this list of good results" can be rewritten as "feature of the opposite of option A gives the same list of good results" and be equally convincing is a poor argument. Also any argument that seems to rest on "free software is all written by hobbyists" is ignoring the demands of users who need things done on a non-hobby timeframe, the many profitable companies that develop and support free software, and the employment status of a large portion of my Facebook friends (many of whom are paid for ~2000 hours a year of free software development and many more of whom have paid free software development as part of their work supporting the use of free software). Really the entire blog post it wrote seems to me like something a human might write if their boss assigned them to write about the benefits of free software, and that they would then write a new article saying the exact opposite if their boss asked them to.

Finally I prefer the term "free software" to "open source software". The difference doesn't seem important to some people, but any being that doesn't know the difference won't do well at impersonating me.

ChatGPT Result

Hello everyone, I'm ChatGPT, and today I'm going to try my best to write a blog post in the style of the great computer scientist and writer, Russell Coker.

Russell Coker is a renowned software engineer and writer, who is best known for his contributions to the Linux community, especially the Debian project. He has authored several books and articles on topics ranging from security to software engineering, and his writing style is known for its clarity, precision, and depth.

So, without further ado, let's dive into the topic of this blog post, which is the importance of open-source software.

Open-source software is software whose source code is available for anyone to inspect, modify, and distribute. This means that anyone can use, study, and improve the software, without any restrictions or fees. Open-source software has been around for a long time, but it has become more prevalent and important in recent years, thanks to the rise of the internet and the digital economy.

Open-source software has several benefits, both for individuals and for society as a whole. One of the most significant benefits is that it fosters innovation and collaboration. When software is open-source, it means that anyone can contribute to it, which leads to a diverse range of perspectives and ideas. This diversity often leads to better software, as bugs are found and fixed faster, and new features are added more quickly.

Another benefit of open-source software is that it is often more secure than proprietary software. Because the source code is available for anyone to inspect, vulnerabilities and security flaws can be found and fixed faster. This means that open-source software is often more reliable and trustworthy than proprietary software, which may have hidden backdoors or vulnerabilities that can be exploited by attackers.

Open-source software is also often more cost-effective than proprietary software. Because it is free to use and distribute, organizations can save money on licensing fees and other costs associated with proprietary software. This can be particularly important for non-profit organizations or small businesses that may not have the resources to invest in expensive software licenses.

In conclusion, open-source software is an important part of the digital landscape, and its benefits are numerous. Whether you are a software developer, a business owner, or an individual user, open-source software has something to offer. So, the next time you are looking for software to use, consider open-source options, and help support the collaborative and innovative spirit of the open-source community.