Real Servers vs White-Box

Many people think that white-box machines (IE the cheapest no-nam PCs you can buy) are suitable for use as servers. There are several factors that make white-box machines totally unsuitable for use as a server (and IMHO unsuitable for any other task).

Firstly white-box machines are not designed. A set of parts are designed, some combinations of parts are tested, but most aren’t. For example a motherboard manufacturer will test their latest motherboard design with the current video cards and a video card manufacturer will test their new cardss with current motherboards. If you have a new video card and a new motherboard then there has probably been little testing of the combination. This compares to a name-brand machine where the entire unit has been tested and found to work together.

White-box assemblers (they aren’t “designed” or “manufactured”) will often use different combinations of parts for each machine that they assemble. If a video card manufacturer sells two cards with the same part number that have different chips then they may be installed in two machines with the same description. So taking an image of one white-box machine and installing it on another that was described as being identical might not work.

For these reasons I have ceased using white-box machines as desktop machines or as low-end servers (EG internet gateway machines). I use second-hand name-brand machines for low end servers and for desktop machines.

When comparing servers the case for name-brand systems is even stronger. Real servers have ECC RAM as a standard feature, it is possible to get white-box servers with ECC RAM – I have seen such a machine on one occasion. But the vast majority of white-box machines lack such features. See my previous posts about getting ECC RAM in a cheap machine and desktop machines with ECC RAM about some of the issues in this regard.

Another feature of servers is better storage options. There are white-box server machines with hot-swap hard drives, but they are significantly more expensive than regular white-box machines – if you are going to spend that much money then it’s better to get a refurbished HP server machine at auction (HP seems to be selling a lot of almost-new server gear at auction at quite reasonable prices with warrantee). A cheap machine (typical white-box or a very low end server from a company such as HP) will have hard drives that don’t support hot-swap. Lack of hot-swap means that a hard drive failure requires that the machine be disassembled to swap the dead disk – it also means that there is sometimes difficulty in identifying which disk has the problem (the error light on a hot-swap drive is quite handy). Then the process of swapping the disk will take at least 10 minutes of hardware work before the machine can be booted up again. With hot-swap disks you can identify the failed disk via a flashing light, remove it while the server is still running, and then initiate a RAID rebuild after installing the new disk. Hot-swap disks cost more and the mounting brackets etc are also expensive, but it’s a good option to have – especially considering that disks are more likely to fail at busy times which is when down-time is least acceptable. These features make disk expansion particularly expensive for servers, people often miss the benefits of servers and say “I just bought a 3000G disk for my home PC for $2, why can’t you just do the same for the server” (I am exaggerating slightly).

Another advantage of name-brand servers is remote access. There have been a variety of remote access cards that you could install in a white-box PC and also a variety of devices to digitise a VGA signal for remote KVM access, but they are all rather expensive and remove the price advantage of white-box hardware.

A final benefit of name-brand hardware is that you will be running the same hardware as other people. If I was to experience a problem running Linux on a HP DL380 G4 server then I can enter that text in to Google and get many hits. If I was to experience a similar problem with a white-box machine then I would need to perform searches on each of the parts that might have a problem – which would be particularly inconvenient if I couldn’t determine some of the part numbers through software and needed to disassemble the machine first!

4

Living in Hotels

I received a private email in response to my post about getting work in another country regarding hotel prices in London. The person who sent me the message had considered London but ended up moving to Japan instead partly due to living expenses (although Japan seems unlikely to be much cheaper).

The first issue concerns security of hotels. When living in hotels (for almost a year in London and about 6 months in the Netherlands there were a few occasions (IE one brief occasion every 4+ months) when I left my laptop under my bed at a hotel, but almost all the time I took it with me. At that time I aimed to have a minimal set of luggage, one large suitcase containing clothes, books, etc (things that are generally not worth stealing) and one small case containing my laptop, digital camera, passport, and other small things that are valuable or which would cause excessive inconvenience if I lost them. Also in the small case I would take fragile items. Then when leaving my hotel I would pack most of the items from the small suitcase (pretty much everything apart from the digital camera) into my laptop bag and take it with me. This limited my losses from hotel thieves to a digital camera (no incriminating pictures and I could always buy a better one) and a couple of bottles of liquor.

Good hotels have a hotel safe which you can use. But for a cheap (affordable) hotel there is no such option.

Hotels in London ARE expensive, but if you are prepared to lower you standard of living they aren’t too expensive. One thing to note about UK hotels is that the idea of having a toilet and shower in every room is a new concept and all the cheaper hotels lack this. It’s a standard feature for a hotel to have a wash-basin in every room, a toilet is optional, and a bath or shower is another option. There are various types of shared bathroom in UK hotels. The better ones vaguely resemble the facilities you might expect to find at a public swimming pool (large spaces, clean tiles everywhere, and a changing area in addition to the toilet and shower cubicles). The worst ones are basically what you might expect to see in a private home but with less cleaning.

To get the best deals on small hotels in London you have to find an area where there are many hotels and inspect them. It is quite acceptable to ask for the key to a room so that you can inspect it and determine if you want to rent it.

One area where I lived for some time in London is near Victoria Station. Victoria is one of the largest stations in London, it has both a Tube (underground/metro for trains within the city) and a British Rail (for travel to other parts of the country) station. Victoria Station also had facilities for checking in to a flight and having your checked luggage delivered to Gatwick airport via the Gatwick Express. This was really convenient, you can check your luggage and then do some last minute shopping before going to the airport! I’m not sure if they still do this though (comments appreciated). Another good thing about Victoria Station is the large shopping area which included a tourist information centre and a store that sold freshly baked bread. Often in the morning I would buy bread from the section that had the most steam coming from it (which was the most freshly baked) before catching a train.

Victoria Station is quite near many of the places you want to visit in London so I could walk to the British Museum and other places that are worth visiting (this depends on how fit you are). But the real reason for staying there is that the were many cheap hotels in the area. I could just walk down a street and know that I could find a room at one of the hotels.

One feature of UK hotels is that they almost always include free breakfast as part of the deal (with no option to exclude it). Of course this means that if you are capable of eating a significant breakfast and then skipping lunch then you can save some money.

A down-side to cheap hotels is that they almost never have a telephone in your room (just a pay phone in the hall), and if they do have a telephone then it will be wired in. Before wireless net access became common this was a problem as you couldn’t use a modem. More expensive hotels had an extra socket for a modem. In London there is a significant number of people who stay in hotels from Sunday night to Thursday night with their company paying (so they don’t stay in the cheap hotels). This means that most of the good hotels have cheap rooms on the weekend. So while living in London I would often stay at a good hotel on the weekend to get net access (and a few days in a luxury hotel at a cheap rate is a good change from a cheap hotel).

Nowadays wireless net access is common so it would be easy to find a free access point anywhere in London and there would be no need for this. But the possibility of getting cheap hotel rooms on the weekend is something to keep in mind. One benefit of this was when I had an employer paying for my hotel bills from Sunday night to Thursday night (as part of a deal to placate my colleagues who complained about working at the other side of London). I spoke to the hotel manager and suggested that having me check out every Friday and have the room empty on the weekend was not good for them and that they should offer me a significant discount to stay 7 days a week – they made me a good deal! At that time I had the lowest cost of living apart from when I lived with my parents while the hotel in which I stayed was quite comfortable (a large comfortable room with toilet and shower and a good hotel breakfast).

Moving to the Netherlands was quite easy for me as I was staying in hotels. All I had to do was to pack my suitcase, check out of the hotel, and catch the flight. One significant advantage of living in hotels is that you can easily move to another region or country. This gives the possibility of taking advantage of career opportunities that would not be possible if you owned a house and would be difficult if you rented an apartment.

When in the Netherlands I ended up staying in hotels of the Bastion chain (a chain or franchise of business hotels). I stayed in a couple of other hotels first and wasn’t particularly happy but with Bastion hotels I was always happy. I arranged a deal of a small discount in exchange for not getting the breakfast that was normally included (I like to sleep in and the Dutch breakfast didn’t appeal to me). One significant benefit of the Bastion hotels over London hotels was the size. The smallest room had two single beds, a large Dutch-style bathroom, two chairs at a desk that spanned about 3M of a wall (with multiple power sockets and a phone socket), and a good TV. At the time the hotel would play two movies over the TV system every night from video cassette. The videos played on the TV in the restaurant and in the rooms (if you selected the appropriate channel). Once I became known to the staff they would do nice things such as playing the movie I requested (instead of the scheduled one) and pausing the movie when I finished dinner so I didn’t miss anything while walking to my room. Also instead of giving me a free newspaper every day (in Dutch) they gave me some free drinks vouchers every week. Once you become a regular customer at a hotel the staff are always willing to change the deal to make you happy – even when it’s a chain.

One of the convenient factors of living in a business hotel is that they are located near business areas. I spent several months living in a Bastion hotel that was about 400M walk from the office where I worked. That was particularly convenient when the network broke at night – I could just walk back to the office to fix it!

The deal I had with the Bastion hotels made them about 50% more expensive than the (fairly luxurious) two bedroom apartment that I later moved to. So hotels are expensive and living in them is only an option if your employer pays for it or if you work in an industry where pay is reasonably good. Given that the vast majority of people who read my blog work in the computer industry (and I suspect that they are better paid than average) this should be a viable option.

2

Getting Work in Another Country

Often there are possibilities to earn more money or gain valuable experience by working in another country. I learned (and earned) a lot while working in London and Amsterdam and recommend travelling if you get the opportunity.

There are two ways of getting work in another country. One way is to work for a multi-national company and get transferred, this gives benefits of having the company sort everything out for you (creating a bank account etc). But it isn’t an option that is open to many people.

Getting a job directly in another country is in some ways more difficult than expected and in some ways easier.

Here are some of the factors that make it easier:

  • Once you arrive in your destination country it’s usually easy to get work if the economic conditions are good. When choosing a country to migrate to and a time to migrate you will generally make sure that the economic conditions are reasonably good (or at least demand is greater than supply for your industry sector).
  • It’s widely believed by employers that employees from other countries have valuable experience to bring, due to working conditions being different in other countries. I am doubtful of this (but I don’t complain when it helps me get a job).
  • Employers often believe that employees from a long way away are very highly motivated and work really hard. I believe that this is correct as it applies to the employees that they get (EG Australians in the EU work really hard). Not that Australians in general would work harder than Europeans, but people who are willing to travel so far for their career will be motivated and people who have recently arrived in a country where they have few friends and no relatives have less things to distract them from work.

Here are some of the problems that you will face:

  • Different expectations of employers. For example in Australia a university degree is not really required while European employers demand it.
  • Getting a bank account. When I arrived in the UK I had trouble getting a bank account due to money-laundering laws. A passport was not sufficient and I needed proof of address, but renting an apartment without having a bank account was difficult too… I ended up getting an accountant to recommend me to a bank. Apparently the easiest way of doing this is to get an Australian bank that is part of a multi-national banking group to get their UK equivalent to set up an account before you leave Australia. Also I know people who had problems getting a Dutch bank account (fortunately there is the PostBank which deals with everyone). The UK laws may have changed in the last 8 years, but it’s the sort of problem that can get you in any country – as you can’t get paid without a bank account it’s serious!
  • Renting an apartment. I think it’s best to plan to live in hotels until you get a job that will last a while, then you can live reasonably close to your work. Also landlords will often want to know where you work before deciding whether to accept you as a tenant. I lived in hotels in the UK for almost a year and never rented an apartment because of this. It’s not a problem if the stuff you need can fit into a couple of suitcases.
  • Learning how to save money. Little things like bulk purchases of train tickets can save significant amounts of money. It’s the sort of thing that locals learn by osmosis but foreigners can take months or years to learn them. This is especially a problem when you don’t speak the local language and discount vouchers have fine print.
  • Catching a taxi. Taxi drivers generally only speak the local language and if you don’t speak it then you will have problems. Showing a taxi driver a laptop screen with printed directions and a map helps.

Starting a Heartbeat Resource Without Heartbeat

The command crm_resource allows you to do basic editing of resources in the Heartbeat configuration database. But sometimes you need to do different things and the tool xmlstarlet is a good option.

The below script can be used for testing Heartbeat OCF resource scripts. It uses the Heartbeat management program cibadmin to get the XML configuration data and then uses xmlstarlet to process it. The sel option for xmlstarlet selects some data from an XML file, the -t -m options instruct it to match data from a template. The template is the /resources/primitive part. The --value-of expression will print the values of some labels from the XML. The script will concatenate the name and value tags and export them as environment variables (see my post about Configuring a Heartbeat Service for an explanation of the use of the variables). The TYPE variable is the name of the script under the /usr/lib/ocf/resource.d/heartbeat directory.

In recent versions of Heartbeat (2.1.x) the OCF_ROOT environment variable must be set before an OCF script is called. Setting it on older versions of Heartbeat doesn’t do any harm so I unconditionally set it in this script (which should work for all 2.x.x versions of Heartbeat).

The first parameter for the script is the id of the service to be operated on and the second parameter is the operation to perform (start, stop, and status are the only interesting values). The script will echo the exit code to the screen (0 means success, 7 means that the service is not running or the operation failed, and any other number means a serious error that will trigger a STONITH if Heartbeat gets it).

#!/bin/sh
$(cibadmin -Q -o resources| xmlstarlet sel -t -m \
"/resources/primitive [@id='$1']/instance_attributes/attributes/nvpair" \
--value-of "concat('export OCF_RESKEY_',@name,'=',@value,'
','TYPE=',../../../@type,'
')")
OCF_ROOT=/usr/lib/ocf /usr/lib/ocf/resource.d/heartbeat/$TYPE $2
echo $?

Below is another version of the same script that instead uses crm_resource to get the XML data. The output of crm_resource has a couple of lines of non-XML data at the start (removed by the grep) and also only gives the XML tree related to the primitive in question (so the /resources part is removed from the xmlstarlet command-line).

#!/bin/sh
$(crm_resource -r $1 -x | grep -v ^[a-z] | xmlstarlet sel -t -m \
  "/primitive/instance_attributes/attributes/nvpair" --value-of \
  "concat('export OCF_RESKEY_',@name,'=',@value,'
','TYPE=',../../../@type,'
')")
OCF_ROOT=/usr/lib/ocf /usr/lib/ocf/resource.d/heartbeat/$TYPE $2
echo $?

The problem with both of those scripts is that they rely on Heartbeat being operational. Performing any operations other than a status check while Heartbeat is running is a risky thing to do. If Heartbeat starts a service at the same time as you start it via such a script then the results will probably be undesired. One situation where it is safe to run this is when a service fails to start. After it has failed repeatedly Heartbeat may stop trying to restart it (depending on the configuration) in which case it will be safe to try and start it. Also you can put in temporary constraints to stop the resource from running by repeatedly running crm_resource -M -r ID until all nodes have been prohibited from running it (make sure you run crm_resource -U -r ID afterwards to remove the temporary constraints).

The following script does the same thing but directly reads the XML file for the Heartbeat configuration. This is designed to be used when Heartbeat is not running. For example you could copy the XML file from a running cluster to a test machine and then test your OCF resource scripts.

#!/bin/sh
$(cat /var/lib/heartbeat/crm/cib.xml| xmlstarlet sel -t -m \
  "/cib/configuration/resources/primitive [@id='$1']/instance_attributes/attributes/nvpair" \
  --value-of \
  "concat('export OCF_RESKEY_',@name,'=',@value,'
','TYPE=',../../../@type,'
')")
OCF_ROOT=/usr/lib/ocf /usr/lib/ocf/resource.d/heartbeat/$TYPE $2
echo $?

2

Xen Saves

A couple of days ago the hardware that is used to host this blog was upgraded – doubling the amount of RAM in the machine. To do this the machine was halted, memtest86+ was run to ensure that the new RAM worked correctly, and then it was booted up again. During that process my ssh session was not stopped! I merely refrained from typing anything until the upgrade was complete.

This is one feature I really like about Xen. It can save the memory image of a running domain to a file and then restart it later. TCP sessions remain open if timeouts have not elapsed. The command xm save can be used to save the state to a file and the command xm restore will restore it.

In Debian the location of the save files is stored in the file /etc/default/xendomains with the variable name XENDOMAINS_SAVE and defaults to /var/lib/xen/save.

A quick experiment with one test domain (running Debian/unstable in 128M of RAM and had just run apt-get dist-upgrade so the memory contents would not be all zeros) showed that gzip -9 would decrease the file to 35% of it’s size at a cost of just over 1 minute of CPU time on a Pentium-M 1.7GHz. But gzip -3 compresses it to 37% and only takes 9 seconds. 9 seconds of CPU time to save 80M of disk space seems a reasonable trade-off.

In my particular case it saves CPU time as the encryption I use for my root filesystem takes more CPU time than gzip -3 so compressing the data saves time. But I don’t expect my case to be common.

Now when Xen is used on a more modern machine with a faster CPU gzip -3 has the potential to save time as well as disk space. A machine with a CPU that is in aggregate 10x faster than my laptop (I think that means most 64bit multi-core CPUs) running with a single S-ATA disk (that will have a sustained contiguous read speed of 80MB/s and write speed that is less) will save time when saving multiple Xen DomU’s if it runs them in parallel and compresses them.

Also gzip is not the fastest compression program. There may be other options that are better suited to the needs of Xen.

I have filed a Debian bug 435406 requesting that compression be supported.

2

Advogato and Hateful/Divisive Posts

Firstly for the benefit of people who haven’t heard of it, the Advogato FAQ and the Wikipedia Page describe what Advogato does.

Pete Zaitcev posted a strange article about me to Advogato. In it he accused me of “pumping hateful leftist propaganda into Advogato“, said propaganda being my regular blog posts. In an addendum he accused me of insanity, and said that my “attacks” were “divisive“.

I considered writing an Advogato post in response but first read the Posting Guidelines which say:

  • Please keep articles about Advogato itself to a minimum
  • Personal complaints, rants, and flames belong in your blog, not here

Both of those criteria rule out Pete’s post and any response that I might make would risk being in breach of such conditions – so I will use my blog as the Advogato admins recommend.

Pete’s ad-hominem attack on me claiming that my posts are hateful is bizarre. Pete, for the benefit of all the interested onlookers could you please inform us which of my posts you consider hateful and why you have such an opinion? As a general rule you should always cite articles that you reference. When you make accusations without any evidence to back them up it makes you look bad and prevents any positive discussion of the acts in question.

As for the accusation of being divisive, that only happens when people are forced to choose sides. For example when you encourage other people to rate me down on Advogato because of my political opinions that can divide the community (in a small way, neither you, nor me, nor Advogato is important enough to cause a serious problem in this regard).

The idea that I was intentionally pumping anything into Advogato was also strange to me. When I entered the URL for my blog into the Advogato settings page I didn’t even realise that it was being syndicated until I reviewed my web logs some time later. It seems that Advogato only has a small number of readers, a recent post about strange ZCAV performance included a graph and judging by the referrer tags it seems that 412 people read the post from Advogato out of 10468 total (so Advogato gets less than 4% of my readers). Planet Debian seems to get more than 15x the number of readers of Advogato. Incidentally if you don’t currently include images in your blog the reader tracking ability is one reason for including an image in an occasional post.

Another strange ad-hominem attack was the reference to “college indoctrination“. When I was in university I supported the Liberal party (the Australian equivalent of the Republican party in the US). The influence of Linux programmers (including some of Pete’s colleagues at Red Hat) had much more of an effect on my political opinions than that of my university experience.

I am not criticising Pete for disagreeing with me in regard to politics (I don’t even know what he disagrees with). Here are my specific criticisms of Pete’s behaviour:

  1. Ad-hominem attacks
  2. Encouraging mis-use of Advogato trust metrics for political reasons (this one may not have been deliberate)
  3. Non-specific accusations which do not allow me to either defend myself against the accusations or change my actions if he turns out to have any reasonable points
  4. Hypocrisy – he breaks two of the posting guidelines for the purpose of criticising my blog posts which supposedly break some unwritten rule
  5. Not reading the Advogato FAQ – it has a specific section about political disagreements

But I’m not going to advocate voting him down on Advogato. He does write some interesting things on occasion. Check out his page on guns for example.

4

Praising Children vs Praising Programmers

In a comment on my blog post titled Childhood, Don Marti refers to an earlier blog post he wrote which refers to a New York Magazine article about the effects of praising children. The article does in some depth to describe scientific research into the issue of praising children for being “smart” vs praising them for working hard – with the conclusion being that it’s significantly better to praise them for working hard!

One quote from that article that I find very significant is “Baumeister has come to believe the continued appeal of self-esteem is largely tied to parents’ pride in their children’s achievements: It’s so strong that ‘when they praise their kids, it’s not that far from praising themselves’“. This matches my theory about people who subject their children to TV documentaries about gifted children.

The conclusions regarding children seem quite clear and the article provides direct advice to parents and teachers as to how to avoid the problems.

One issue I am wondering about after reading the NYM article is whether being exposed to smarter children hurts a child’s learning ability. The fact that there is no correlation between high self-esteem and learning ability has been proven, but the reports do not indicate whether there might be a correlation between a decreases in self-esteem and a decrease in learning ability. I recall pointing out to one the few good teachers at high-school that having some of the most capable and some of the least capable students in the same class was inefficient and led to excessive boredom for the more capable students and excessive difficulty in keeping up for the less capable students. I was told that “streaming” was considered bad because it was bad for the less capable students to know their status. I was also refused access to my results of the Westpac Maths contest for the same reason – which seems particularly strange, I was in the training program for the International Mathematical Olympiad so I doubt that releasing my score from one maths contest would change anyone’s opinion of my ability.

I am also wondering about how this effects adults (apart from their education history). Should we try to praise work colleagues for their effort instead of being smart? Are adults discouraged from trying hard at their work when they see others succeeding with little apparent effort?

One data point for this seems to be kernel coders in the Linux community. Everyone sees super-star Linux kernel coders on stage (on a pedestal) at conferences and it’s easy to believe that such people are significantly more intelligent than others (the well-known programmers are indeed very smart – but they also work a lot harder than most people believe) and that being so smart is a necessary pre-condition for submitting Linux kernel patches. I have met many people who appear to have the ability to be good at any type of coding but seem intimidated by kernel coding it for these reasons. Statements such as “I’ve been doing Linux coding for 10 years but I’m not a kernel coder” are often heard at Linux conferences. Also people who’s skills are respected are often regarded as kernel coders without any real reason.

The Linux kernel is a large C program with limited options for a debugger, if you are good at C coding you should do OK! I know that I am trivialising the issues related to kernel coding, there are some tasks such as reverse-engineering device-drivers and debugging some of the tricky race conditions that require special skills – but no-one is born with such skills! I would not suggest that someone try a significant kernel coding task on their first attempt – as with all areas of programming it’s best to start with the easy things first. The web site kernelnewbies.org is a good source of information for people who are getting into kernel coding.

I wonder whether a change in the attitudes towards such things could encourage more people to write free software, and more of the current programmers to attempt new challenges (such as kernel coding).

16

Porn vs Rape

Chris Samuel blogs about a plan to censor porn from the Internet in Australia. According to the ZDNet article the Fundamentalist Christian party Family First wants a national porn filter to protect children.

However there is strong evidence to suggest that the incidence of rape decreases as the availability of pornography increases. Access to porn prevents rapes!

The question is whether protecting people (mostly women and children) from rape is more important than protecting the strange and unusual (by the standards of modern Australian society) religious beliefs of a minority of people who oppose porn.

The current research on porn vs rape is based on comparing different regions of the US with different levels of Internet access. It would be more accurate if a scientific test could be performed in a controlled environment. The US has the largest number of prisoners of any country and the largest proportion of the population in prison of any first-world country and rape is common in prison. It would be easy to grant access to porn to one cell block of a prison and deny access to another and then record the incidence of reported rape (currently in the US porn is restricted in prisons and masturbation in prison is a crime). The results of such research could be used to devise government policy with the aim of protecting people from rape. Of course that would require compassion – something that’s extremely uncommon in politicians particularly the ones that claim to be Christian.

Some people are requesting the creation of Christian Porn – so Porn and Christianity don’t have to be opposed. The same site has an interesting page Masturbation: God’s Great Gift to Us. Now if all those rapists could be encouraged to watch Christian Porn and take advantage of God’s Great Gift then the world would be a better place.

1

Blogs and Conversation (or Lack Therof)

I recently received an email from RSA inviting me to read their blog (after having requested an evaluation copy of one of their products). They invited me to “join the conversation“. Often blogs are described as a “conversation” and I’ve been considering whether that analogy is appropriate.

The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 has the following definition: Usage: {Conversation}, {Talk}. There is a looser sense of these words, in which they are synonymous; there is a stricter sense, in which they differ. Talk is usually broken, familiar, and versatile. Conversation is more continuous and sustained, and turns ordinarily upon topics or higher interest. Children talk to their parents or to their companions; men converse together in mixed assemblies.

There are instances of blogging that can approximate conversation when bloggers cite each other’s articles in turn and leave comments on each other’s blogs. But it’s usually not that continuous and sustained. An occasional patterin is that blogger A writes a post, blogger B writes a post disagreeing with it, blogger A comments on blogger B’s post, and that’s usually the end of it. Usually it’s just a case of multiple bloggers writing posts representing their own opinions with occasional references to other blogs and no sustained interaction. The blogging interaction seems to more closely resemble academics presenting papers with alternate solutions to a problem than a conversation.

One factor that I believe defines conversation but which isn’t mentioned in the dictionary is that the parties involved have an equal standing. The comments section of a blog is not such a forum, the blogger has a significantly more powerful voice (at least in connection with their own blog) than the people who comment. Someone who posts a comment may have it deleted, and it if is left then a rebuttal in another post will be seen by a significantly larger number of people (the number of people who read comments on a post is a tiny minority of the people who read the post). This doesn’t preclude conversation between bloggers who are of equal popularity in a community, for example most readers of my blog come from Planet Linux Australia and Planet Debian so any blogger who is also syndicated on those sites has an equal voice to me.

Another factor in conversation is whether responses are even read. Many blogs don’t accept comments and it’s never certain that a blogger will see a track-back from a blog that references one of their posts. When one party ignores the other (or appears to do so) then there is no conversation.

I’m not aware of whether a conversation with RSA people would be possible. While their blog refuses to send content to my Planet installation I guess I’m not going to find out…

Is the lack of conversation a bad thing? One problem with conversation is that it often degenerates into what GCIDE defines as talk, while that is good for a friendly mailing list (EG your local LUG) it isn’t so good for the exchange of technical information. A compounding problem for mailing lists is the number of posts that can not be interpreted without the context of a thread of discussion. This often makes mailing lists unreasonably difficult to use in the search for answers to technical problems. When reading google search results I will usually read blog URLs before mailing list posts as a blog post will usually stand alone and either give me an answer or be obviously not related to my problem – sometimes I have to read a dozen messages in a list discussion to determine that it’s not going to help me!

To improve things in this regard I plan to increase the number of posts I write with solutions to random technical problems that I encounter with the aim of providing a resource for google searches and to randomly inform people who read my blog. I find such posts by other people quite useful, I often get inspired to implement a technology after reading a blog post about it – there are many things that have a low priority in my todo list because they seem difficult, a blog post that reveals them to be easier than expected and advises how to avoid common problems can really make a difference!

3

Childhood

Recently there has been some discussion and controversy about a 15yo boy being allowed to perform a Caesarian operation on a woman (without her consent). Don Marti seems to think it’s OK and gives some examples of what 15 year old people used to do in past times. However he misses a couple of significant points, one is that the knowledge of surgery was much lower a few hundred years ago and the expectations of the patient were a lot lower, the other is that the patient in this case did not consent to being operated on by a 15yo. If the boy’s mother thought that he was capable of doing the job correctly then she could have allowed him to deliver a younger sibling…

Given a choice I would rather have someone like Doogie Howser operate on me than a random surgeon – but I would be extremely unhappy to discover after an operation that it had been performed by a different surgeon than planned who didn’t have a medical license and who’s motivation was to invade my privacy by making a movie of the event!

Don cites the interesting essay Against School by John Taylor Gatto which makes some really good points about the state of the education system in most first-world countries. An interesting point that John Gatto doesn’t mention is that in Japan school-boys wear uniforms that are based on Prussian military uniforms. From all the evidence that I have seen the Japanese school system is more Prussian (IE worse by many objective measures) than most countries.

The Sydney Morning Herald has an interesting article comparing education systems which claims that a major cause in lack of academic performance is unjustified praise. I first became aware of the extent of this problem when discussing education with a misguided university lecturer. He told me that he felt that his purpose was to make the students believe that they had achieved something and that this was much more important than actually teaching them. My response was to point out that heroin and cocaine are both good options for people who would rather feel successful than succeed and to enquire as to whether he thought that they should be advocated for children. The conversation ended soon after that and he requested that I not name him or his university when blogging about it. I take this as an admission of guilt, if you act decently in public then you should not be afraid of appearing on a blog – decent actions will either be too boring for a blog entry or things that you are proud of.